Get MOVING in EFL (aka YAY for TPR)

Throughout this blog I discuss different ways to use TPR in the your English class. Essentially TPR (Total physical response) is a technique which is often used with EFL students. Students are taught to associate an action with a word or phrase.

Asher's book

HISTORY 1965 James Asher basically said, "Hey! I am sure that we can get students to actually move around and have less stress in class." What he came up with was having students move to show comprehension. You can check out more TPR World or language impact for more background information.


Even though the basis for TPR in EFL started over 30 years ago there is still a bounty of current research being done to support using actions with language teaching. One of my favorites to direct people to is an article published by New Scientist in January of 2012 which discusses a study where 20 students enrolled in a 6 day course to learn a fake language. Half of the content was taught using traditional (spoken and written) techniques and the other half was taught with each word having a body movement. The students did better at learning the information that was taught with motions! Keep in mind that this worked for all words, not just words with a clear motion. That is to say, this technique worked as well for actions like run as it did for words like however or rather. The study goes onto cite functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans as well which seem to show that the actions help by creating a more "complex representation of the word that makes it more easily retrieved." You can read the actual study via the onine library if that interests you.


Now that you know a bit of what it is, let's check out how to use it:

Poor Joe, he has no....

Games

• Simon Says- Usually body parts and actions but you could get specific with adjectives. "Simon says jump up and down quickly."
• Charades- Usually this is done when a student is given a word and they have to act it out. Great with verbs, but don't be afraid to do this with nouns or adjectives. You can make it more complicated by giving them an entire sentence!
• Oh No Poor Joe- If you play with students covering the part that's missing this is great TPR for body parts.

Make a fortune teller!

Activities

• Make a box with your students! Directions (Top, Bottom, Left, Right, Middle), Actions (Kick, Throw, Fold, Unfold, Meet) Nouns (Invitation, Door) Adjectives (Locked, Unlocked)
• Make a fortune teller. Locations (Center, Corner, Left, Right) Actions (Cur, Flip, Fold, Unfold) 
• Tell a story while they draw or act it out Draw and Tell story.

Songs
Find a song (or make one for your EFL class)

• Traditional Kids Somgs (Great for younger EFL students)

• Teddy Bear Teddy Bear- Directions (Turn Around) Actions (Touch, Jump) 
• Hokey Pokey- Body Parts (All!) Actions (Put your)
• Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes- Body Parts (Head, Shoulders, Knees, Toes, Eyes, Ears, Mouth, Nose)
• Songs I've adjusted to use with my EFL students:
• Sweet Little Bunny For Animals, Body Parts, and Adjectives
• Open them Shut them For Opposites, or Verbs- 
• Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes with Clothes! Clothing (Hat, Jacket, Trousers, Shoes, Glasses, Ear Muffs, Scarf, Glove)
• Macerena I change this to teach prepositions (Above, Above, Below, Below,  Across, Across, Atop, Atop, Beside, Beside, Down, Down, Around, Around)
• Songs which I use, "as is" to practice the words they use.

The video has 15 songs you can use (but probably not at once)! 

• Bounce, Rock, Roll, Skate- Actions (Bounce, Rock, Roll, Skate)
• Cha Cha Slide Directions (Left, Right, Back, On, Low, Top), Verbs (Turn, Slide, Criss-Cross, Clap, Stomp, Reverse, Freeze, Hop), Numbers (One, Two, Five), Body Parts (Hands, Knees, Foot), Adverbs (Again)
• Cupid Shuffle Directions (Right, Left) Verbs (Kick)
• Da Dip- Actions (Dip) Possessive Pronoun (My, Your)
• Dancing in Heaven- Adjectives (Slow, Quick)
• Do the BartMan- Actions (Move, Shake, Sitting) Directions (Front to back, To the side) Body Parts (Hips) 
• Harlem Shake- Actions (Move) Directions (Left, Right) Adjectives (Fast)
• Hoedown Throwdown- Actions (Glide, Jump, Pop, Lean, Lock, Shake, Shuffle, Stick )  Adjectives (Polka Dot, Zig zag) Nouns (Hawk, Sky) Body Parts (Hands, Head, Hips, One Footed, Toe) Directions (180 twist, Diagonal, In, Left, On, Side to side)
• Locomotion Directions (Up, Back), Body Parts (Hips), Actions (Swing, Jump)
• Mambo #5-Actions (Jump, Move, Put, Clap) Body Parts (Hands)
• Men in Black- Actions (Bounce, Freeze, Slide, Walk) Body Parts (Neck)
• Peppermint Twist Directions: (Round, Up, Down) Actions (Jump, Kick)
• Stanky Leg- Actions (Bounce,Drop, Lean, Shake, Show, Slide, Snap, Stick, Stop, Switch, Wipe) Body Parts (Feet, Fingers, Leg, Shoulders) Adjectives (Low,  Right ) Clothing (Socks)
• The Bunny Hop Directions (Left, Right, Forward, Out) Body Parts (Foot), Actions (Put, Hop) I add a "Backwards and a forwards hop hop hop" to get a bit more vocab. 
• The Time Warp  Directions (Left, Right), Body Parts (Hands, Hips, Knees, Pelvis), Verbs- (Jump, Step, Thrust)
• The Superman Tons of verbs / commands (Sleep, Wave, Hitch a ride, Sneeze, Walk, Swim, Ski, Spray, Blow your Horn, Ring the Bell, Kiss, Comb your Hair, Give a wave, Bend your Knees, Faster, Louder)
• Usher's UTurn Directions (Put your hands up, Circle) Verbs (Bend, Bounce, Get down) Body Parts (Hands, Knees) 
• YMCA- Letters (Y, M, C, A)

FingerPlays 

• A family of pumpkins- Family Members (Mom, Dad, Brother, Sister, Baby) 
• Five Easter Eggs - Emotions (Angry, Happy, Sad, Scared, Sleepy)
• Itsy Bitsy Spider - Animals (Spider), Prepositions (Up, Down, Out), Actions (Went, Washed, Dried), Weather (Sun, Rain)
•  Open them Shut them (for this and that)- Great for almost any category: Adjectives, Verbs, etc.

This list already seems a bit long so for now I am stopping, but if you have any other songs, games, or activities you think embrace the spirit of TPR be sure to leave it in the comments!

House (Learning the rooms)

Sample House

OK, last post for a while about these boxes I PROMISE, but this is by far my FAVORITE way to use them in class and the one all my teacher friends always LOVE.

I did in this Korea with my 3rd and 4th grade EFL students, and in Spain with my EFL students (preschool and first grade loved it). Of course, I have adapted the activity a bit each time to best suit the students but the basic steps are the same.

Step 1: Hand out a piece of paper that looks like the picture below. The four middle squares should be different from one another to assure students can easily see the differences (with higher level classes you could probably just give them a blank piece of paper)..

A basic Template for the House

Step 2: Follow the steps from http://eslcarissa.blogspot.com/2013/06/opposites-origami-added-pictures.html or http://eslcarissa.blogspot.mx/2012/06/organized-opposites-orgami.html and have your students make their own box.

Step 3: Have them unfold the box and show them your sample "house." They usually get pretty excited at this point (or at least the younger ones do).

Step 4: Let them draw their own additions to make each room its own. I teach: Bedroom, Bathroom, Kitchen, Living Room.

Step 4: (Alternative) If your students shy away from drawing give them a page of household idtems and let them cut and paste those objects into whatever room they like. I don't suggest using catalogs for this as they will probably have items that are too big. This free download includes a sheet of objects they can cut and paste which I've made sure are the right size..

Step 4: (Alternative) Make this a listening activity. "Put a refrigerator in the room with squares on the floor," "Put a cupboard next to the refrigerator," etc.

Step 5: Give them small toys (like Lego people) and let them play. They are little; they like to play! Let them use their English. Every few minutes shout, "FREEZE" and call on a student to say where his friend's toy is, "In the kitchen."

Step 5: (Alternative) You can also do another listening activity (with prepositions too if you like!) "Put your finger in the kitchen," "Put your finger on the toilet" and listen to them shout, "Ewwwwwwww."

FAST ALTERNATIVE

Complete House Template

If you want to get straight into the games and not bother with the making it, give them a "complete" house that you photocopied. Then they just need to fold and star having fun!

All of these templates and the house items (adjusted from http://openclipart.org/ are available for free download here: http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Make-a-House-and-practice-Rooms-and-Prepositions-719846) but my art is really not that great, so you can probably make something better on your own :-)
If you have an alternative that you use when teaching about the house or try this with your class I'd love to know! Drop me a comment below!

House and Home

One of my courses was Biliteracy and Curricular Design it is designed to "include an analysis of biliteracy as well as its application to curriculum design in bilingual and multicultural schools." Our teacher Amparo-Abengozar is a coordinator of the bilingual project in Madrid as well as an English teacher in the program itself. She is also an English Language Assistant trainer for the Bilingual Project in the Community of Madrid State schools AND the BEDA program (Bilingual English Development & Assessment).

Through the course she focused on having us look over the different types of bilingual programs, the bilingual program in Spain and most importantly how to plan a didactic unit that connects the Ley Orgánica de Educación (LOE) which creates the standards all classes need to follow.

In the end I created a didactic unit on the house and home (focusing on prepositions) for infantil classes.

House and Home on Prezi